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Published on in Vol 17 (2025)

Preprints (earlier versions) of this paper are available at https://preprints.jmir.org/preprint/68146, first published .
Doctor and patient looking at smartphones with neural network background

Generative AI as Third Agent: Large Language Models and the Transformation of the Clinician-Patient Relationship

Generative AI as Third Agent: Large Language Models and the Transformation of the Clinician-Patient Relationship

Journals

  1. Yi J, Du F, Nie Y, Liang W, Zhou X, Chen J, Li G, Liu M, Lv Y, Zhao W, Hou X. GAI-HIQ: Developing a health information quality assessment indicator system for generative artificial intelligence. Information Processing & Management 2026;63(5):104651 View
  2. Yang X, Liang Y, Liu Y, Liu D, Yang L, Zhang B, Xu C, Wu Y, He J. When machines explain medicine: Nursing ethics and clinical communication. Nursing Ethics 2026 View
  3. Xie W, Liu J, Liu S. Personal Health Large Language Models and the Negotiation of Medical Authority in Clinical Care: Opportunities, Risks, and Governance. Journal of Medical Internet Research 2026;28:e91727 View
  4. Yang Y, Liu J, Liu S. A Futures Framework for Clinical AI Governance: Anticipating Emerging Risks, Shifting Roles, and Regulatory Challenges. Journal of Medical Internet Research 2026;28:e96152 View
  5. Phiphatkunarnon P, Kitro A, Suksatit B, Neo B, Tran D, Tepsan W. A Health Informatics Framework for Integrating Machine Learning and Generative AI in HIV Risk Stratification and Personalized PrEP Recommendation. Informatics 2026;13(7):103 View
  6. Sun Y, Li Y, Liu Y, Yu S. Beyond the algorithm: nursing as a core foundation for ethical and equitable AI in healthcare. Cognition, Technology & Work 2026 View
  7. Liu Z, Li Y, Wang J, Liu Q, Chen F, Zhu L, Ren Y, Xing L, Wang X. Integrating AI-Powered Chatbots Into Patient Education From the Perspectives of Patients, Caregivers, and Nurses: Qualitative Study. Journal of Medical Internet Research 2026;28:e87254 View
  8. Li D, Zhang H, Lu C, Lu C. Association between AI-driven conversational agents and physician-patient interaction quality during outpatient consultations: A propensity score matching study in China. DIGITAL HEALTH 2026;12 View
  9. Saito H, Ohira T. When an AI-generated diagnosis begins to matter: the AI consequence point. Diagnosis 2026 View
  10. Narayan A, Mariajoseph F, Farooq M, Praeger A, Chandra R, Sher I, Slater L, Gan C, Gauden A, Asadi H, Moore J. Inter-Model Variability of ChatGPT, Gemini and Claude in Treatment Recommendations for Unruptured Intracranial Aneurysms. Neurosurgical Review 2026;49(1) View
  11. AlSamhori J, AlSamhori A, Amourah R, Aldweik H, AlSamhori A, Holy L, Zakraoui R, Alomari S, Shahait A. Potential Use of AI Chatbots by Patients With Bowel Tumors: Opportunities and Implications for Low- and Middle-Income Countries. Cureus 2026 View
  12. Ranisch R, Salloch S. Agentic AI, medical morality and the transformation of the patient–physician relationship. Journal of Medical Ethics 2026:jme-2026-112004 View

Books/Policy Documents

  1. Rubinstein B, Matos S. Progress in Artificial Intelligence. View

Conference Proceedings

  1. Hamza M, Bordia N, M. P, C. M. 2026 IEEE 23rd International Multi-Conference on Systems, Signals & Devices (SSD). PhysioRAG: A RAG-Based System for Evidence-Based Physiotherapy Guidance View